Participle clauses A participle clause can be used after a noun instead of a relative clause. An -ing particle replaces an active verb – Students hoping to go on the […]

Modal verbs can be used to express the following: Possibility – That could/might/may be the answer. – The thief could/might/may have had a knife. – I can’t have been more […]

Conditionals Basic forms if, when, unless We use (if/when/unless + present simple/will) + present simple to express general truths. – When you heat water to 100°C, it boils/will boil. We […]

Comparative and superlative structures Basic forms more, most We use more or most before nouns, adverbs, two-syllable adjectives ending in -ful, -less and -ing, two-syllable adjectives where the second syllable […]

Indefinite article (a/an) We use the indefinite article a/an for singular countable nouns: When we mention something for the first time – The concept of a brand is difficult to […]