Direct and reported speech 1. When the sequence of events is clear it is not necessary to backshift past tenses to past perfect. – I really enjoyed the party last […]

Wish + past simple We use wish + past simple (or If only  + past simple) to express a wish about the present or the future. – I wish/If only […]

Conditionals Formal style In more formal styles, if can be omitted and the auxiliary verb placed before the subject. – If I had been warned → Had I been warned […]

Intensifiers/modifiers The meaning of many adjectives can be intensified with adverbs such as rather, very or exceedingly. – It was rather hot in the room. – It only had a […]

Countable/uncountable nouns Some words are always uncountable. They cannot be used with the indefinite article (a/an) and they do not have a plural form. – I need some advice about […]